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Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Within mythology and literature, Athena is often referred to by her singular parentage. In many versions of the story, Zeus impregnated Metis, his first wife. Their son was destined to overthrow Zeus just as he had his father and his father had before him. Afraid of his own demise, Zeus swallowed Metis in the form of a fly, hoping to prevent a son from usurping him.
Zeus was then afflicted by a pounding headache, and when Hephaestus split open his skull to relieve the pain, out came Athena. In some versions of the story, where the motherless nature of Athena is more clear, Metis is not involved at all.
Orestes was on trial in Athens for the death of his mother, Clytemnestra. He claimed the killing was justified because Clytemnestra murdered Agamemnon, his father. If this was not the case, how could it be that Athena was born without a mother?
Goddess Athena was often referred to as Pallas Athena or simply Pallas. There are two prevailing myths as to why Athena took the name Pallas. According to Apollodorus, Pallas was a giant that Athena skinned in battle, later wearing his skin into battle to protect herself Bibliotheca I.
She then took on the name of the giant to commemorate her success in battle. However, another myth states that Pallas was her childhood friend, whom she accidentally killed while playing.
Filled with grief, Athena took on the name in memory of her friend, placing it before her own Robert Graves, The Greek Myths. Parthenos , which translates to virgin or maiden, was an epithet given to goddess Athena to acknowledge her status as a virgin deity. In Athens, the Parthenon , the largest temple in the Acropolis, was dedicated to Athena. The temple held Athena Parthenos , a 37 feet tall statue of the goddess.
The original statue was sculpted by Phidias and has since been lost or destroyed. Athena and Poseidon competed to become the patron deity of Athens, back when the city had no name. The competition would be judged by Cecrops, the half-man, half-serpent king of the city.
Each god was asked to present a gift for the people of Athens. Poseidon struck the earth and created a spring to allow access to water and trade. However, the spring was filled with salty water, rendering it undrinkable. Athena gifted the city an olive tree, which could be used for wood, food, and trade. Cecrops chose Athena as the winner. The goddess Athena, wearing a helmet.
Photograph by Maria Daniels, courtesy of the Dewing Greek Numismatic Foundation Athena, the goddess of wisdom and military victory, and also the patron of the city of Athens, was Hercules' half-sister. Her parents were Zeus and Metis, a nymph.
Zeus heard a prophecy that the child Metis bore after she gave birth to Athena would become the lord of heaven, so, to prevent this from happening, he swallowed Metis while she was still pregnant with Athena. When the time came for Athena to be born, the smith god, Hephaistos, opened Zeus' head with an axe, and Athena stepped out, in full armor.
The birth of Athena was a favorite topic of Greek vase painters.
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